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The ability of cells to perceive and correctly adapt to their microenvironment is critical for maintaining normal homeostasis and development...

As seeds age, their ability to germinate declines even if stored under optimal conditions. This loss of production potential is...

Rapid environmental change, including global warming, presents significant challenges in adaptation for all residents of a changing biome.  The ability...

Over activated or over abundant neutrophils generate superoxide anion and other reactive oxidants which can create significant oxidative stress and...

  Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an increasing common clinical disorder affecting more than 20% of patients in hospital.  There...

Studies in a wide range of species1-5,7 have shown that the stress hormone cortisol can be measured in hair samples. ...

Under normal cellular conditions there is a constant balancing act between the creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their...

When considering the impact of chemicals our planet and the life forms that live here, it is instinctive to focus...

Animal welfare has been defined as “a state of complete health, both physical and mental, in which the animal is...

  The physical “costs” of reproduction to an organism, particularly under less than ideal conditions, have been the subject of...

  Thanks to many years of careful planning and habitat restoration, several species including Black footed ferrets, California condors, Grey...

Glomular Filtration Rate (GFR) is the metric normally used to assess kidney function. It can be determined either by measuring...